The Importance of a Second Pathology Opinion in Cancer Diagnosis

When it comes to cancer, the accuracy of the initial diagnosis sets the stage for every decision that follows: what treatments are recommended, how aggressive they should be, and what outcomes patients can expect. Yet, research consistently shows that initial pathology reports are not always complete or entirely accurate. Second, pathology opinions, particularly from expert cancer centers, can play a critical role in confirming or refining a diagnosis and ensuring the right treatment path.

Why a Second Pathology Opinion Matters

Multiple studies have demonstrated the impact of second opinions in oncology:

• Studies have shown that between 11% - 15% of cancer pathology reports contained major diagnostic discrepancies, often leading to significant treatment changes.^1,2
• A study published in The Oncologist reported that second opinions led to clinically meaningful changes in treatment for over one-third of patients.³ 
• In breast cancer specifically, research shows that second opinions can lead to changes in diagnosis or treatment in up to 43% of cases.⁴

These discrepancies aren’t minor. They can mean the difference between having surgery or not, receiving chemotherapy or avoiding it, or discovering a more targeted treatment option that was missed the first time.

The Benefits of Getting It Right

Receiving the correct diagnosis is the first step toward better care, fewer side effects, and an improved quality of life. Confirming the diagnosis through an expert second opinion can:

• Avoid unnecessary or overly aggressive treatments
• Reduce the risk of harmful side effects
• Lower the financial impact of ineffective care
• Improve long-term outcomes and survival
• Give patients greater confidence in their treatment plan

How Kadance Supports Members Through Expert Medical Review

At Kadance, we understand the importance of providing patients with certainty at the start of their cancer journey. That’s why our Expert Medical Review benefit ensures every member diagnosed with cancer has access to a second pathology opinion from leading molecular pathologists.

Here’s how it works:

1. Seamless coordination: Our Oncology Nurse Navigator (ONN) helps members complete online consent to release their medical records and pathology slides.
2. Expert pathology review: An independent pathologist reviews the original pathology report, slides, and clinical records to confirm or refine the diagnosis.
3. Precision genetic testing: If needed, they order appropriate genetic testing of the tissue.
4. Collaborative consensus: If the second opinion conflicts with the first, additional experts review the case to reach a clear, evidence-based conclusion.

Why This Matters for Members

For members facing a cancer diagnosis, Kadance’s Expert Medical Review provides more than just another opinion; it provides reassurance that the diagnosis is accurate and the treatment plan is truly the right one.

This benefit:

• Reduces the risk of misdiagnosis
• Prevents inappropriate or overly aggressive treatments
• Minimizes unnecessary side effects
• Helps avoid the financial burden of ineffective care
• Builds patient confidence in every step

Conclusion

A cancer diagnosis is overwhelming, but uncertainty about whether it’s accurate shouldn’t be part of the journey. Studies show that second pathology reviews lead to changes in treatment in a significant percentage of cases, often improving outcomes while reducing risks and costs.

With Kadance, members don’t have to wonder if they’re on the right path. Our Expert Medical Review ensures that every decision is built on the strongest possible foundation: an accurate diagnosis.

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Insights

¹Rosen, J. E., Gagné, S. M., O’Connor, R., McCormack, S., Madan, R., Connolly, J. L., & Smith, B. L. (2018). The value of second opinion pathology review of breast cancer diagnosis in a large community hospital. Anticancer Research, 38(5), 2989–2994. https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.12554

²Raab, S. S., & Grzybicki, D. M. (2010). Quality in cancer diagnosis. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 60(3), 139–165. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.20063

³Lipitz-Snyderman, A., Atoria, C. L., Goyal, A., McBride, R. B., Jacobson, M., Bach, P. B., & Chapman, C. H. (2023). Impact of second opinions on treatment decisions in oncology. The Oncologist, 28(6), 492–500. https://doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyad029

⁴Garcia, D., Spruill, L. S., Irshad, A., Lyle, G., Mayfield, C., Oprea, G., Mayes, N., Ingram, K., Breedlove, J., & Thomas, A. (2018). The value of a second opinion for breast cancer patients referred to a National Cancer Institute–designated cancer center with a multidisciplinary breast tumor board. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 171(1), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-018-4816-y